



***** Appendix, municipal, tables G1 and I2

clear


use "    .... domenechsanchezcuenca_BJPS/domenechsanchezcuenca_municipal.dta"

*** Variable definitions:
* LEFTvoto: is the share of votes going to Leftist parties (PSOE, PCE, IU)

* carrion_liquido: proxy for agrarian inequality at the municipal level based on cadastral information from Pascual Carrión (1975)

* latitud, longitud, altitud: latitude, longitude and altitude of the municipality. 

* i.year: dummy variables for the 15 elections (14 dummies, base category is the 1977 election)

* munid: municipality identificator

* frentepopularvoto: % share vote for Popular Front, 1936 general election

* CENSO: number of voters in each election

* killed_rebels: summary executions perpetrated by Rightist forces

* tasa_analfabetismo_1930: illiteracy rate, Population census 1930

* popchange19301970: population % change 1930-1970 

* Pre-modern municipal jurisdictions (base category: realengo, King's municipality)

*jurisdiction_SS: Dummy variable=1 if municipality is Señorío Secular, Noble jurisdiction, =0 otherwise

*jurisdiction_OM: Dummy variable  =1 if municipality is under the jurisdiction of a Military Order, =0 otherwise

*jurisdiction_SE: Dummy variable = 1 if municipality is under the jurisdiction of a Monastic Order or the Church, =0 otherwise 

*ineq_1787_2:  Inequality defined as % landless in the population, according to the Floridablanca 1787 Census. 

rename CódigodeProvincia provid

drop if provid==11
drop if provid==29
drop if provid==41
drop if provid==13
drop if provid==37

drop if carrion_liquido==.  

xtset munid year

**** results extremadura with frente popular voto and inequality

drop if frentepopularvoto==.

merge m:m munid using "/ .... domenechsanchezcuenca_BJPS/extremadura_educacionsecundaria.dta"


gen log_censo=log(CENSO)

gen killed_rebels_pop=(killed_rebels/poblacion1930)*100

gen killed_leftists_pop=(killed_leftists/poblacion1930)*100

gen asin_killed_rebels=asinh(killed_rebels)
gen asin_killed_leftists=asinh(killed_leftists)

gen frentepopular_rebels=frentepopularvoto*asin_killed_rebels
gen frentepopular_leftists=frentepopularvoto*asin_killed_leftists

***** Table H2. Municipal mediator analysis, separating the three effects


**** Baseline
 

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido altitud latitud longitud CENSO i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)

**** column (1)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  frentepopularvoto  asin_killed_rebels CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)



**** column (3) 

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  asin_killed_rebels tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970  CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)


**** Column (5)
reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  frentepopularvoto tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970  CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)





***** Table G1. Municipal mediator analysis. Popular Front channel augmented with Civil War violence, ALL municipalities


**** Baseline
 

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido altitud latitud longitud CENSO i.year, vce(cluster munid)

**** column (1)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  frentepopularvoto  asin_killed_rebels CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year , vce(cluster munid)



**** column (3) 

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970  CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)




**** column (2) g-estimate, demeaning mediator variable, channel poverty

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  frentepopularvoto asin_killed_rebels  CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)

gen coef1=_b[frentepopularvoto]

gen coef2=_b[asin_killed_rebels]


gen LEFTvoto_tilde1=LEFTvoto-(coef1*frentepopularvoto)-(coef2*asin_killed_rebels)

set seed 12345

bootstrap _b[carrion_liquido], size(1000) reps(4000): reg LEFTvoto_tilde1 carrion_liquido altitud latitud longitud  i.year 


**** column (4) g-estimate, demeaning the intermediate confounders 

reg LEFTvoto c.carrion_liquido  tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970  CENSO  altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)


gen coef4=_b[tasa_analfabetismo_1930]
gen coef5=_b[popchange_19301970]
gen coef6=_b[CENSO]


gen LEFTvoto_tilde2=LEFTvoto-(coef4*tasa_analfabetismo_1930) - (coef5*popchange_19301970) - (coef6*CENSO)

set seed 12345

bootstrap _b[carrion_liquido], size(1000) reps(4000): reg LEFTvoto_tilde2 carrion_liquido   altitud latitud longitud i.year




***** Table I2. Municipal mediator analysis, augmented with pre-treatment variables
******* Column (1)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  CENSO altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)

****** Column (2)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido frentepopularvoto asin_killed_rebels jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE CENSO ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)

****** Column (4)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970 CENSO  jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)



**** Column (4) demeaning voto frente popular and civil war.

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  frentepopularvoto   asin_killed_rebels  jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2   altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000, vce(cluster munid)



gen coef7=_b[frentepopularvoto]

gen coef8=_b[asin_killed_rebels]


gen LEFTvoto_tilde3=LEFTvoto-(coef7*frentepopularvoto)-(coef8*asin_killed_rebels)



set seed 12345

bootstrap _b[carrion_liquido], size(1000) reps(4000): reg LEFTvoto_tilde3 carrion_liquido jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000



***** Column (3) demeaning intermediate confounders (illiteracy rate in 1930 and population change 1930-1970), mediator is Popular Front Vote and Civil war effects

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970 CENSO jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2   altitud latitud longitud i.year if CENSO>1000 , vce(cluster munid)

gen coef9=_b[tasa_analfabetismo_1930]
gen coef10=_b[popchange_19301970]
gen coef11=_b[CENSO]

gen LEFTvoto_tilde4=LEFTvoto-(coef9*tasa_analfabetismo_1930) - (coef10*popchange_19301970)-(coef11*CENSO)

set seed 12345

bootstrap _b[carrion_liquido], size(1000) reps(4000): reg LEFTvoto_tilde4 carrion_liquido   jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud  i.year if CENSO>1000





***** Table I3. Municipal mediator analysis, augmented with pre-treatment variables, ALL municipalities
******* Column (1)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  CENSO altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)

****** Column (2)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido frentepopularvoto asin_killed_rebels jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE CENSO ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)

****** Column (4)

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970 CENSO  jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)



**** Column (4) demeaning voto frente popular and civil war.

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  frentepopularvoto   asin_killed_rebels  jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2   altitud latitud longitud i.year, vce(cluster munid)



gen coef12=_b[frentepopularvoto]

gen coef13=_b[asin_killed_rebels]


gen LEFTvoto_tilde5=LEFTvoto-(coef12*frentepopularvoto)-(coef13*asin_killed_rebels)



set seed 12345

bootstrap _b[carrion_liquido], size(1000) reps(4000): reg LEFTvoto_tilde5 carrion_liquido jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud i.year 



***** Column (3) demeaning intermediate confounders (illiteracy rate in 1930 and population change 1930-1970), mediator is Popular Front Vote and Civil war effects

reg LEFTvoto carrion_liquido  tasa_analfabetismo_1930 popchange_19301970 CENSO jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2   altitud latitud longitud i.year  , vce(cluster munid)

gen coef14=_b[tasa_analfabetismo_1930]
gen coef15=_b[popchange_19301970]
gen coef16=_b[CENSO]

gen LEFTvoto_tilde6=LEFTvoto-(coef14*tasa_analfabetismo_1930) - (coef15*popchange_19301970)-(coef16*CENSO)

set seed 12345

bootstrap _b[carrion_liquido], size(1000) reps(4000): reg LEFTvoto_tilde6 carrion_liquido   jurisdiction_SS jurisdiction_OM jurisdiction_SE ineq_1787_2  altitud latitud longitud  i.year 




